Biology Questions for Railway & SSC CGL Exam
Q1. Peanut plant is
मूंगफली का पौधा क्या है
(a) Herb / औषधि
(b) Flower/ फूल
(c) Bush /झाड़
(d) None of these/ इनमे से कोई नहीं
Ans.(a)
Sol. Peanut plant is a dicotyledonous herbaceous herb and an annual plant. The pea plant may adapt to a variety of growing conditions, but it prefers cool damp weather with temperature ranging from 60 to 75 degree Fahrenheit. It belongs to a large family of plants, the fabaceae or Leguminosae.
Q2. Stem cutting is done generally to grow-
आम तौर पर _____ को बढ़ाने के लिए तने को काटा जाता है.
(a) Banana / केला
(b) Sugarcane / गन्ना
(c) Mango / आम
(d) Cotton / कपास
Ans.(b)
Sol. Botanically, Sugarcane belongs to the Andropogonae tribe of the family Gramineae. Sugarcane plants are propagated by stem cutting. Stem cutting is segmented parts of the stem or entire stems detached from the main branch.
Q3. Clove is a-
लॉन्ग एक है-
(a) Buds of stem/तने की कली
(b) Bales of root/जड़ की गाँठ
(c) Closed buds/बंद कली
(d) Seed
Ans.(c)
Sol. Cloves are the aromatic closed, dried floral bud, which is used in Ayurvedic medicine, making food and as an anodyne for dental emergencies. The botanical name of clove tree is Syzygium aromaticum (Eugenia caryophyllata) which belongs to Myrtaceae family. Cloves are native to the Maluku Islands in Indonesia and used as a spice in cuisines all over the world. The clove tree grows to a height ranging from 10-20 metres, having large oval leaves.
Q4. Which one of the following spices is a flower bud?
निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा मसाला एक फूल की कली है?
(a) Cumin / जीरा
(b) Clove / लॉन्ग
(c) Pepper / काली मिर्च
(d) Turmeric / हल्दी
Ans.(b)
Sol. Cloves are the unopened flower buds of the clove tree; it is used in cooking and traditional medicine for many years.
Q5. Which of the following is not correctly matched-
निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा सटीक मिलान नहीं है-
(a) Ginger/ अदरक - Rhizome / राइजोम
(b) Saffron/ केसर - Seed / बीज
(c) Opium/अफ़ीम - Opium capsule/ अफीम कैप्सूल
(d) Jute /जूट - Stem / तना
Ans.(b)
Sol. Saffron is a spice derived from the flower of Crocus sativus, commonly known as the “Saffron Crocus”. Saffron is obtained from the style and stigmas of the flower of Crocus sativus.
Q6. Saffron is dried mixture of:
केसर _____का सूखा मिश्रण है.
(a) Leaf and stem / पत्ता और तने
(b) Petals and roots / पंखुड़ियां और जड़ें
(c) Seed forming parts of flower / फूल के बीज बनाने वाले कुछ हिस्से
(d) Seeds and buds / बीज और कलिया
Ans.(c)
Sol. Saffron is a spice derived from the flower of Crocus sativus, commonly known as the “Saffron Crocus”. Saffron is obtained from the style and stigmas of the flower of Crocus sativus.
Q7. Which of the following parts of potato is edible?
निम्नलिखित में से आलू का कौन सा हिस्सा खाने योग्य है?
(a) Stem / तना
(b) Seed / बीज
(c) Root /जड़
(d) Fruit/ फल
Ans.(a)
Sol. The edible portion is an underground stem that is also a tuber. Edible plant stems are one part of plants that are eaten by humans.
Q8. The orange colour of carrot is because of –
गाजर का नारंगी रंग किस कारण होता है?
(a) it grows in the soil. /यह मिट्टी में उगता है.
(b) Carotene / कैरोटीन
(c) it is not exposed to sunlight. /यह सूर्य के प्रकाश से उजागर नहीं है.
(d) the entire plant is orange in colour. /पूरा पौधा नारंगी रंग का है
Ans.(b)
Sol. The orange colour of carrot is because of Carotene.
Q9. A plant bud is-
एक पौधे की कली है-
(a) An embryonic shoot / एक भ्रूण टहनी
(b) An leaf / एक पत्ता
(c) An endosperm / एक अन्तर्बीज
(d) A seed / एक बीज
Ans.(a)
Sol. In botany, a bud is an undeveloped or embryonic shoot and normally occurs in the axil of a leaf or at the tip of the stem.
Q10. Cork is obtained from which of the following plant?
कॉर्क को निम्नलिखित में से किस पोंधे से प्राप्त किया जा सकता है?
(a) Dalbergia/ डालबरजिया
(b) Cedrus/सेदृस
(c) Quercus/ क़ुएर्सकस
(d) Argemone/
Ans.(c)
Sol. Cork is obtained from the bark of the oak tree, whose botanical name is Quercus suber. It is native to the Mediterranean region. Cork consists of irregularly shaped, thin-walled, wax-walled cells.
Q11. The characteristic odour of garlic is due to-
लहसुन की विशिष्ट गंध का कारण है:
(a) A chloro compound / एक क्लोरो यौगिक
(b) A sulphur compound / एक सल्फर यौगिक
(c) A fluorine compound / एक फ्लोरीन यौगिक
(d) Acetic acid / सिरका अम्ल
Ans.(b)
Sol. Garlic is made up of sulphuric compounds (Ally methyl sulphide) that render the pungent smell to it. It is also used for treating diaphoretic, diuretic, expectorant, blood pressure and heart disease.
Q12. Peeling of onions causes tears as onions release-
प्याज को छीलने के कारण आंसू निकलते है क्योकि प्याज़ से _________निकलता है.
(a) Sulphonic acid / सल्फोनिक एसिड
(b) Sulfenic acid / सल्फेनिक एसिड
(c) Amino acid / अमिनो एसिड
(d) Carbolic acid / कार्बोलिक एसिड
Ans.(b)
Sol. Peeling, cutting or crushing an onion’s tissue releases enzymes called alliinases which convert these molecules to sulfenic acids. The sulfenic acid in turn, spontaneously rearranges to form syn-propanethial-s-oxide, the chemical that triggers the tears.
Q13. The most important part of the plant in term of life cycle-
जीवन चक्र की अवधि में पौधे का सबसे महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा कौन सा है?
(a) Flower / फूल
(b) Leaf / पत्ती
(c) Stem / तना
(d) Root / जड़
Ans.(a)
Sol. The flower is the most important part of the plant in term of the life cycle. The biological function of a flower is to mediate the union of male and female gametes in order to produce seeds. The process begins with pollination followed by fertilization and continues with the formation and dispersal of the seed.
Q14. Pungency in chillies is due to the presence of :
मिर्च में तीखापन किसके कारण होता है?
(a) Lycopene / लाइकोपीन
(b) Capsaicin / कैप्सीकन
(c) Carotene / कैरोटीन
(d) Anthocyanin
Ans.(b)
Sol. Chillies are valued principally for their high pungency and colour. Pungency in chillies is due to the active constituent “Capsaicin” an alkaloid which is extracted from chillies and is used to the medicine. The molecular formula of Capsaicin is C_18 H_27 NO_3.
Q15. The beetroot is the _________ portion of the beet plant.
चुकंदर, बीट पौधे का _________ हिस्सा है.
(a) tap root / मुख्य जड़
(b) adventitious / आकस्मिक
(c) bulb of the stem / तने का कंद
(d) rhizome / रिजोम
Ans.(a)
Sol. The beetroot is the taproot portion of the beet plant.